21. The negative commandments number 365, which coincides with the number of days in the solar year, and the positive commandments number 248, a number ascribed to the number of bones and main organs in the human body.[4]. God judges everyone (even those who are not Jewish) based on their actions, behaviour and beliefs. What are the 613 commandments in the Old Testament Law? One of the most iconic Biblical images is the Ten Commandments, etched in stone on two tablets and held high above the head of Moses. (Deuteronomy 6:4) And what is the true purpose of the Law? The Law: All 613 Commandments! Did Moses copy the Law from the Code of Hammurabi? Is God through with Israel as a nation and has the Church replaced Israel in God's plan? 1-100 | Midwest Messianic Center Why Only Ten Commandments at Sinai? Below is a list of the 613 commandments. Where did the 613 laws come from? The 10 Commandments: Explanation, Meaning & Text | Aleph Beta What about the 613 Laws? This listing is taken from his classic compendium of Jewish law, the "Mishneh Torah," which contains 14 primary "books" or sections. 5:6) Not to entertain the idea that there is any god but the Eternal (Ex. This immense work by Archie Rand includes one painting for each one of the 613 mitzvot. The Good, the Bad, the Ugly and the Odd Jewish Laws. Moshe ben Maimon was a scholar of Scripture in the 12th century.1 Commonly known as Maimonides or "the Rambam" (pronounced RAHM bahm), he was the first to document the commandments given in the Bible. There is no single definitive list that explicates the 613 commandments. Not to covet and scheme to acquire another's possession Standard: Not to desire another's possession Standard: The court must implement laws against the one who assaults another or damages another's property , Not to accept monetary restitution to atone for the murderer , The court must send the accidental murderer to a, Not to accept monetary restitution instead of being sent to a city of refuge , Not to kill the murderer before he stands trial , Save someone being pursued even by taking the life of the pursuer , Not to stand idly by if someone's life is in danger , Break the neck of a calf by the river valley following an unsolved murder , Not to work nor plant that river valley , Not to allow pitfalls and obstacles to remain on your property , Help another remove the load from a beast which can no longer carry it , Not to leave others distraught with their burdens (but to help either load or unload) , Not to overcharge or underpay for an article , Not to insult or harm anybody with words , Not to insult or harm a convert with words , Purchase a Hebrew slave in accordance with the prescribed laws , Not to allow a non-Jew to work him oppressively , The master must not sell his maidservant , Not to extradite a slave who fled to (Biblical) Israel , Not to wrong a slave who has come to Israel for refuge , The courts must carry out the laws of a hired worker and hired guard , Not to delay payment of wages past the agreed time , The hired worker may eat from the unharvested crops where he works , The worker must not eat while on hired time , The worker must not take more than he can eat , The courts must carry out the laws of a borrower , The courts must carry out the laws of an unpaid guard , Not to press them for payment if you know they don't have it , The creditor must not forcibly take collateral , Return the collateral to the debtor when needed , Not to demand as collateral utensils needed for preparing food , Not to intermediate in an interest loan, guarantee, witness, or write the promissory note , Lend to and borrow from idolaters with interest , The courts must carry out the laws of the plaintiff, admitter, or denier , Carry out the laws of the order of inheritance , Not to appoint judges who are not familiar with judicial procedure , Decide by majority in case of disagreement , The court must not execute through a majority of one; at least a majority of two is required , A judge who presented an acquittal plea must not present an argument for conviction in capital cases , The courts must carry out the death penalty of stoning , The courts must carry out the death penalty of burning , The courts must carry out the death penalty of the sword , The courts must carry out the death penalty of strangulation , The courts must hang those stoned for blasphemy or idolatry , Bury the executed on the day they are killed , The court must not let the sorcerer live , The court must give lashes to the wrongdoer , The court must not exceed the prescribed number of lashes , The court must not kill anybody on circumstantial evidence , The court must not punish anybody who was forced to do a crime , A judge must not pity the murderer or assaulter at the trial , A judge must not have mercy on the poor man at the trial , A judge must not respect the great man at the trial , A judge must not decide unjustly the case of the habitual transgressor , A judge must not pervert a case involving a convert or orphan , The judge must not fear a violent man in judgment , Judges must not accept testimony unless both parties are present , Not to curse the head of state or leader of the Sanhedrin , Anybody who knows evidence must testify in court , A witness must not serve as a judge in capital crimes , Not to accept testimony from a lone witness , Relatives of the litigants must not testify , Punish the false witnesses as they tried to punish the defendant , Not to deviate from the word of the Sanhedrin , Not to add to the Torah commandments or their oral explanations , Not to diminish from the Torah any commandments, in whole or in part , The High Priest must not defile himself for any relative , The High Priest must not enter under the same roof as a corpse , A Kohen must not defile himself (by going to funerals or cemeteries) for anyone except relatives , The king must not have too much silver and gold , Remember what Amalek did to the Jewish people , Not to forget Amalek's atrocities and ambush on our journey from Egypt in the desert , Offer peace terms to the inhabitants of a city while holding siege, and treat them according to the Torah if they accept the terms , Not to destroy food trees even during the siege , Prepare a shovel for each soldier to dig with , Appoint a priest to speak with the soldiers during the war , He who has taken a wife, built a new home, or planted a vineyard is given a year to rejoice with his possessions , Not to demand from the above any involvement, communal or military , Not to retain her for servitude after having sexual relations with her , This page was last edited on 7 July 2023, at 01:32. The 613 Commandments According to one standard reckoning,[5] there are 77 positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today, of which there are 26 commands that apply only within the Land of Israel. Men must not shave the hair off the sides of their head, Men must not shave their beards with a razor, The Kohanim must bless the Jewish nation daily, The king must have a separate Sefer Torah for himself, To have tzitzit on four-cornered garments, To circumcise all males on the eighth day after their birth, Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day, The court must not inflict punishment on Shabbat, Not to walk outside the city boundary on Shabbat, Not to do prohibited labor on the first day of Passover, Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day of Passover, Not to do prohibited labor on Rosh Hashana, Not to do prohibited labor on Shmini Atzeret, Not to eat chametz on the afternoon of the 14th day of Nissan, To destroy all chametz on 14th day of Nissan, Not to eat chametz all seven days of Passover, Not to eat mixtures containing chametz all seven days of Passover, Not to see chametz in your domain seven days, Not to find chametz in your domain seven days, To eat matzah on the first night of Passover, To relate the exodus from Egypt on that night, To hear the Shofar on the first day of Tishrei (Rosh Hashana), To dwell in a Sukkah for the seven days of Sukkot, To take up a Lulav and Etrog all seven days, Each man must give a half shekel annually, Courts must calculate to determine when a new month begins, To afflict and cry out before God in times of catastrophe, To marry a wife by means of ketubah and kiddushin, Not to have relations with women not thus married, Not to withhold food, clothing, and relations from your wife, To issue a divorce by means of a "get" document, A man must not remarry his wife after she has married someone else, The widow must not remarry until the ties with her brother-in-law, The court must fine one who seduces a maiden, The rapist must marry the maiden (if she chooses), The slanderer must remain married to his wife, Not to put frankincense on her meal offering, Not to have relations with your father's wife, Not to have relations with your father's wife's daughter, Not to have relations with your son's daughter, Not to have relations with your daughter's daughter, Not to have relations with a woman and her daughter, Not to have relations with a woman and her son's daughter, Not to have relations with a woman and her daughter's daughter, Not to have relations with your father's sister, Not to have relations with your mother's sister, Not to have relations with your father's brother's wife, Not to have relations with your son's wife, Not to have relations with your brother's wife, Not to have relations with your wife's sister, A man must not have relations with a beast, A woman must not have relations with a beast, Not to have homosexual relations with your father, Not to have homosexual relations with your father's brother, Not to have relations with a married woman, Not to have relations with a menstrually impure woman, Not to let Moabite and Ammonite males marry into the Jewish people, Don't keep a third generation Egyptian convert from marrying, Not to refrain from marrying a third generation, Not to let a eunuch marry into the Jewish people, Not to castrate any male (including animals), The High Priest must not have relations with a widow even outside of marriage, The High Priest must marry a virgin maiden, Not to make pleasurable contact with any forbidden woman, To examine the signs of animals to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher, To examine the signs of fowl to distinguish between kosher, To examine the signs of fish to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher, To examine the signs of locusts to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher, Not to eat non-kosher creatures that crawl on land, Not to eat worms found in fruit on the ground, Not to eat creatures that live in water other than fish, Not to eat the meat of an animal that died without ritual slaughter, Not to benefit from an ox condemned to be stoned, Not to eat meat of an animal that was mortally wounded, Not to eat a limb torn off a living creature, Not to eat bread from new grain before the Omer, Not to eat parched grains from new grain before the Omer, Not to eat ripened grains from new grain before the Omer, Not to eat fruit of a tree during its first three years, Not to eat diverse seeds planted in a vineyard, Not to drink wine poured in service to idols, To ritually slaughter an animal before eating it, Not to slaughter an animal and its offspring on the same day, To cover the blood (of a slaughtered beast or fowl) with earth, Not to take the mother bird from her children, To release the mother bird if she was taken from the nest, Not to deny possession of something entrusted to you, Not to swear in denial of a monetary claim, To swear in God's Name to confirm the truth when deemed necessary by court, To fulfill what was uttered and to do what was avowed, For oaths and vows annulled, there are the laws of, He must not drink wine, wine mixtures, or wine vinegar, He must not be under the same roof as a corpse, He must not come into contact with the dead, He must shave after bringing sacrifices upon, To estimate the value of people as determined by the Torah, To estimate the value of consecrated animals, To estimate the value of consecrated houses, To estimate the value of consecrated fields, Carry out the laws of interdicting possessions (, Not to plant grains or greens in a vineyard, Not to wear sha'atnez, a cloth woven of wool and linen, To leave a corner of the field uncut for the poor, Not to gather the gleanings of a vineyard, Not to pick the unformed clusters of grapes, To leave the forgotten sheaves in the field, The Levite must set aside a tenth of his tithe, Not to preface one tithe to the next, but separate them in, A hired worker or a Jewish bondsman of a Kohen must, Not to spend its redemption money on anything but, A mourner on the first day after death must not eat, The fourth year crops must be totally for holy, To read the confession of tithes every fourth and seventh year, To set aside the first fruits and bring them to the Temple, The Kohanim must not eat the first fruits outside Jerusalem, To read the Torah portion pertaining to their presentation, To set aside a portion of dough for a Kohen, To give the shoulder, two cheeks, and stomach of slaughtered animals, To give the first sheering of sheep to a Kohen, To redeem the firstborn sons and give the money to a Kohen, To redeem the firstborn donkey by giving a lamb to a Kohen, To break the neck of the donkey if the owner does not intend to redeem it, To rest the land during the seventh year by not doing any, Not to work the land during the seventh year, Not to work with trees to produce fruit during that year, Not to reap crops that grow wild that year in the normal manner, Not to gather grapes which grow wild that year in the normal way, To leave free all produce which grew in that year, To release all loans during the seventh year, Not to pressure or claim from the borrower, Not to refrain from lending immediately before the release of, The Sanhedrin must count seven groups of seven years, The Sanhedrin must sanctify the fiftieth year, To blow the Shofar on the tenth of Tishrei to free the slaves, Not to work the soil during the fiftieth year, Not to reap in the normal manner that which grows, Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the normal, Carry out the laws of sold family properties, Not to sell the land in Israel indefinitely, Carry out the laws of houses in walled cities.