One and two family homes, small apartment buildings, and small business predominate. The Soule people have a firm popular theatre tradition, and pastorals and masques reflect this. During World War II, the French Basque Country was part of Occupied France and the coast was fortified as part of the Atlantic Wall. The commune has a police station, a Departmental Gendarmerie, an Autonomous Territorial Brigade of the district gendarmerie, squadron 24/2 of Mobile Gendarmerie and a Tax collection office. Some years later, Guy Geoffroy, united the duchies of Vasconia and Aquitania (with the Poitiers county). U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Bayonne city, New Jersey Ren Cassin (1887-1976), lawyer . On 15 January 2005, the Euskal Herriko Laborantza Ganbara (Chamber of Agriculture for the Basque Country),[11] was created as a house for the representation and promotion of the interests of livestock farmers and agriculturists of the French Basque Country, promoted by the agrarian union, Laborarien Batasuna. 64100 BAYONNE. Sleep Go next Bayonne is in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, part of the Basque region close to the Spanish border. [12], Labourd and Bayonne were synonymous and used interchangeably until the 12th century before being differentiated: Labord for the province and Bayonne for the city. The Saint-Esprit bridge connects the Saint-Esprit district to the Amiral-Bergeret dock just upstream of the confluence with the river Nive. Dossier complet Commune de Bayonne (64102) Chiffres dtaills. In this time, the Bible was first translated into the Basque language. The city of Bayonne is part of the Communaut d'agglomration du Pays Basque which also includes Anglet, Biarritz, Bidart, Boucau, Hendaye and Saint-Jean-de-Luz. Bayonne (Bayonne, Pyrnes-Atlantiques, France) - Population Statistics In the 17th century the city was fortified by Vauban, whose works were followed as models of defense for 100 years. Bayonne (Agglomeration, Agglomerations, France) - Population Statistics The third exit is the D1 / A64 via the Mousserolles interchange (exit 1 Bayonne Mousserolles) which links the district of the same name and also serves the neighbouring communes of Mouguerre and Saint-Pierre-d'Irube. A dozen bullfights are held each year, attracting the biggest names in bullfighting. Meanwhile, Soule (Zuberoa) was constituted as an independent viscounty, generally supported by Navarre against the pretensions of the Counts of Barn, though at times also it admitted a certain Angevin overlordship. The Gramont family provided captains and governors in Bayonne from 1472 to 1789 as well as mayors, a post which became hereditary from 28 January 1590 by concession of Henry IV to Antoine II of Gramont. At the time the Spanish Inquisition raged in the Iberian Peninsula Spanish and Portuguese Jews fled Spain and also later, Portugal, then settled in Southern France, including in Saint-Esprit (Pyrnes-Atlantiques), a northern district of Bayonne located along the northern bank of the Adour river. Population de Bayonne, nombre d'habitants 2023 Population de Bayonne en 2023 Il y a 54 061 habitants Bayonne en 2023, la population lgale officielle de Bayonne est cependant de 52 006 habitants car le dernier recensement officiel date de 2020. During this period, northern Basques very likely participated in the successive battles of Roncevaux against the Franks, in 778, 812 and 824. Bayonne continued to be the economic hub of the area until the 19th century. In 1677 it was translated to Basque by Pierre Etxeberri. In Basque Bayonne means the good river. Nobles did not have any feudal rights and justice rested solely in the hands of the King. [28] Shepherding and small-scale mining and agriculture were the main economic activities, and were accompanied by the increased presence of customs officials, both locals and non-Basques. Nearby is the Chteau Vieux, some of which dates back to the 12th century, where the governors of the city were based, including the English Black Prince. The French Basque Country, or Northern Basque Country ( Basque: Iparralde, lit. Bayonne's 2023 population is now estimated at 57,390. Also, during this era, the artefacts of ceramics, agriculture, and raising livestock were discovered. In the coast (Labourd), the figure stands at 36.9%. Further information about the population structure: Gender (E 2019) Males: 120,763: Females: 136,374 . All vacant land, forests, and waters under this Viscounty belonged to the King and everyone had the right to use them, whether they were nobles or not. It is also the capital of three cantons. Due to this, they threw themselves into a desperate guerilla war, an antecedent to that of 1808. Basque,[nb 1] a continuum of Aquitanian (or Proto-Basque) spoken in this region since before the Roman era,[nb 2] does not have official status but it does have some acknowledgement, so that it can be studied in school and be used as a secondary language by the institutions in the area. Third estate representatives of the Basque provinces attending the Estates-General of 1789 and the following national assemblies in Paris rejected the imposition of an alien political-administrative design, regarding the events with a blend of disbelief and indignation. These same deposits are spread across the barthes. The statutory powers of the structure extend to economic developmentincluding higher education and researchhousing and urban planning, public transportthrough Transdevalternative and the collection and recovery waste collection and management of rain and coastal waters, the sustainable development, interregional cooperation and finally 106. [PiH 6], In 1808, at the Chteau of Marracq the act of abdication of the Spanish king Charles IV in favour of Napoleon was signed under the "friendly pressure" of the Emperor. The commune was part of the Basque province of Labourd. The mid-1800s were years of decay and yearning for the time before the French Revolution. Bayonne Celebrations traditionally begin on the Wednesday preceding the first weekend of August but the schedule has been changed and the start of celebrations has been advanced in recent years because the crowds become too large. 2006: Basque Autonomous Community, Northern Basque Country, Navarre, Basque Country, "Euskararen Jatorriari Buruzko Teoriak (Theories about the origin of Basque)", "Cinco estatus diferentes para la lengua vasca y los derechos lingsticos, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Basque_Country&oldid=1160985937, The Vocates (Vassei or Vocates) in the southeast of, This page was last edited on 19 June 2023, at 22:49. The Protestant church is located at the corner of Rue Albert-I st and Rue du Temple. On 29 January 1997 the area was made an official pays of France named Pays Basque, i.e., a representative body promoting several activities, but without its own budget. The Biltzar, the only existing assembly, was in charge of distributing taxes and charges, and its delegates were chosen by the etxeko-jaun of the parishes. The Royal Academy of the Basque Language took into account the four centuries of literary tradition of this region when it began the unification project. [PH 3], In May 1462 King Louis XI authorized the holding of two annual fairs[Note 14] by letters patent after signing the Treaty of Bayonne after which it was confirmed by the coutoumes of the inhabitants in July 1472 following the death of Charles de Valois, Duke de Berry, the king's brother. The oldest human remains that are known of in the territory of the current French Basque Country are approximately 150,000 years old. They end the following Sunday. [26][Note 5][Note 6], The geographical location of the locality at the crossroads of a river system oriented from east to west and the road network connecting Europe to the Iberian Peninsula from north to south predisposed the site to the double role of fortress and port. In 2012, the French government proposed the creation of a single commonwealth for all of the towns in French Basque Country, under two conditions: being approved by at least half of the 158 communes in the historic territory, and that at least half of the nearly 300,000 residents be represented within this historic territory. Bayonne and Biarritz (BAB) are its chief towns, included in the Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastin Euroregion. [PH 5] The port of Bayonne then attained a greater level of activity. A slow but continuous French institutional evolution has been produced as a response to the historical claims of the French Basque Country. Moving into the Mesolithic era, humans began to live outside of caves, despite the fact that these were still used until a much later date. The most direct line, that of the Tramway Bayonne-LyceBiarritz was operated from 1888 to 1948. It was expanded in 1912 to facilitate the movement of horse-drawn carriages and motor vehicles. In 1634, Axular, in his literary work Gero, gives a rough description of the extent of Basque at the time: The language comprised all the provinces now known as Basque Country "and [in] so many other places". [3] [citation needed], Azure, a tower embattled and ramparted of Argent, wavy proper in base, cantoned to dexter with a letter N crowned of Or, between two pines Vert each fructed of seven Or and set with fruit pal, debruised by two lions langued confronting.[13]. This community brought skill in chocolate making, and Bayonne gained a reputation for chocolate. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects.These estimates represent the Urban agglomeration of Bayonne, which typically includes Bayonne's population in addition to adjacent suburban areas. There are also the Maurice Ravel Conservatory of Music, Dance, and Dramatic Art and the art school of the urban community of Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz. An Insider's Guide to the Best Things to do in Bayonne [36][37], During the sporadic conflicts that troubled the French countryside from the mid 17th century, Bayonne peasants were short of powder and projectiles. [Note 9] The history of Bayonne proper started in 1056 when Raymond II the Younger, Bishop of Bazas, had the mission to build the Church of Bayonne[Note 10][EG 2], The construction was under the authority of Raymond III of Martres, Bishop of Bayonne from 1122 to 1125, combined with Viscount Bertrand for the Romanesque cathedral, the rear of which can still be seen today, and the first wooden bridge across the Adour extending the Mayou bridge over the Nive, which inaugurated the heyday of Bayonne. According to Iaki Bazn,[20] after the Duchy was created, the Frankish kings Theuderic II and Theudebert II exercised better military control over the area, including better tax collection and judicial administration, placing Duke Genial at the forefront. The termination -onne in Bayonne can come from many in hydronyms -onne or toponyms derived from that. This page was last edited on 9 July 2023, at 01:35. The most important trails leading to Santiago pass through the region, and this greatly influenced the development of the trails and the villas in the territory up to the present day. In addition Bayonne is part of the Basque Bayonne-San Sebastin Eurocity which is a European economic interest grouping (EEIG) established in 1993 based in San Sebastin. [citation needed], In 2011, the median household income tax was 22,605, placing Bayonne 28,406th place among the 31,886 communes with more than 49 households in metropolitan France. At this time, the County of Vasconia was created, extending around the river Adour. Coming from upstream on the Adour there is the A63 bridge, then the Saint-Frdric bridge which carries the D 810, then the railway bridge that replaced the old Eiffel iron bridge, the Saint-Esprit bridge, and finally the Grenet bridge. There are 20 sports sections including the. The department of the Pyrnes-Atlantiques is divided into three districts or arrondissements: The Arrondissement of Bayonne, the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie, and the Arrondissement of Pau.